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Endothelial-dependent vasodilation is impaired in children with sickle cell disease

^* Service de Pédiatrie Générale;
^° Service de Cardiologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Necker, Paris, France

Correspondence: Mariane de Montalembert, Service de Pediatrie Generale, Hopital Necker, 149 rue de Sevres, 75015 Paris, France. E-mail: mariane.demontal{at}nck.aphp.fr

Impairment of endothelial-dependent vasodilation has been demonstrated in adults with sickle cell anemia (SCA). We enrolled 21 SCA children, mean age 10.4±3.3 yrs, and 23 Afro-Caribbean controls. We examined flow-mediated (FMD) and nitroglycerine-mediated (GTNMD) dilation of the brachial artery, using echotracking techniques, and measured intima-media thickness (IMT) and mechanical properties of the common carotid artery. FMD was significantly decreased in SCA children vs controls (5.6±0.2 vs 8.0±0.2%, p=0.008), while IMT, stiffness of the common carotid artery, and GTNMD were comparable. In conclusion, endothelial dysfunction is present as early as childhood in SCA patients.