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Predictive factors and impact of full donor T-cell chimerism after reduced intensity conditioning allogeneic stem cell transplantation

^* Unite de Transplantation et de Therapie Cellulaire (UTTC), Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
^° Université de la Méditerranée, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France;
^# INSERM, UMR 599, Marseille, France;
^@ Laboratoire d’Immunologie, Hopital Saint-Eloi, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France;
^{^} Département d’Oncologie Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France DB and JFE share senior authorship

Correspondence: Mohamad Mohty, M.D., Ph.D., Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 232 Bd. Ste Marguerite, F-13273 Marseille Cedex 09, France. Phone: international +33 491 223823; Fax: international +33 491 223579. E-Mail: mohtym{at}marseille.fnclcc.fr

This study investigated the kinetics of CD3+-T cell chimerism (TCC) in 102 patients receiving reduced intensity conditioning allogeneic stem cell transplantation (RIC-allo-SCT) from an HLA-identical sibling. Patients with full donor TCC at day 30 had a higher incidence of grade 2–4 acute GVHD compared to patients in mixed TCC (cumulative-incidence, 61% vs. 35%; p=0.01). The delayed establishment of full donor TCC in myeloid malignancies was associated with a higher incidence of relapse (40% vs. 0; p=0.002), suggesting that monitoring of the kinetics of TCC is mandatory after RIC-allo-SCT.