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Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome with rapid hematopoietic reconstitution during treatment for acute myeloid leukemia

¹ Department of Hematology and Oncology
² Department of Dermatology
³ Department of Cell Therapy and Transplantation Medicine, University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan Key words: drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome, immunorestitution disease, acute myeloid leukemia, chemotherapy, hematopoietic recovery

Correspondence: Mineo Kurokawa, MD, PhD. Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan. Phone: international +81.3.5800-9092. Fax: international +81.3.58408667. E-mail: kurokawa-tky{at}umin.ac.jp

Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS) is a rare but severe life-threatening, drug-induced, systemic hypersensitivity reaction. We report two patients who developed DIHS during treatment for acute myeloid leukemia. Awareness of DIHS is necessary when systemic eruptions and high fever occur in leukemic patients, especially with rapid hematopoietic recovery after chemotherapies.