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Chromosomal instability syndromes are sensitive to poly ADP ribose polymerase inhibitors

Department of Haematological Medicine, Leukaemia Sciences Laboratories, The Rayne Institute, Kings College London, Denmark Hill Campus, London, UK

Correspondence: Ghulam J. Mufti, Department of Haematological Medicine, Kings College London, The Rayne Institute, 123 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK. E-mail:ghulam.mufti{at}kcl.ac.uk

ABSTRACT

Poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have been shown to target cells with homologous recombination DNA repair defects. We report that PARP inhibitors induces apoptosis in cells deficient in other key DNA repair components. Chromosomal instability disorders, Fanconi Anemia and Bloom’s syndrome have dysfunctional DNA repair and an increased likelihood of leukemic transformation. PI addition to Fanconi Anemia and Bloom’s syndrome cells resulted in significant apoptosis. Furthermore, PARP inhibitors induced apoptosis in DNA repair signaling defective ATM^–/– and NBS^–/– fibroblasts. Immunocytochemistry showed homologous recombination was abrogated in NBS^–/– and ATM^–/– fibroblasts, compromised in Fanconi Anemia and normal in Bloom’s syndrome cells in response to PARP inhibitors. Strikingly, PARP inhibitors increases non-homologous end joining repair activity, whilst non-homologous end joining deficient cells are extremely sensitive to PARP inhibitors. These data suggest PARP inhibitors target cells with DNA repair and signaling defects rather than solely defects in homologous recombination improving the potential of PARP inhibitors therapy in a wider range of cancers.

Key words: Poly ADP-ribose polymerase, leukemia, DNA repair.